[
  {
    "abstract": "Op-ed authored by Rory Riggs articulating the case for functional, systems-based classification of economic data as an alternative to conventional sector-based risk models.",
    "datePublished": "2019-07-15",
    "headline": "Commentary: Systems Economics — A New Prescription for Risk Management",
    "publisher": "Pensions & Investments",
    "title": "Systems Economics: A New Prescription for Risk Management",
    "url": "https://www.pionline.com/industry-voices/commentary-systems-economics-new-prescription-risk-management"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Authored article by Rory Riggs on precision gene editing and its application to agricultural trait development.",
    "datePublished": "2021-11-29",
    "headline": "Gene Editing to Lead a New Agricultural Revolution",
    "publisher": "Future Farming",
    "title": "Gene Editing to Lead a New Agricultural Revolution",
    "url": "https://www.futurefarming.com/author/rory-riggs/"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Announcement of Rory Riggs's appointment as CEO of Cibus, naming him a pioneer in Systems Economics.",
    "datePublished": "2021-10-07T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Cibus Appoints Co-Founder Rory Riggs as Chief Executive Officer",
    "title": "Cibus Appoints Co-Founder Rory Riggs as Chief Executive Officer",
    "url": "https://businesswire.com/news/home/20211007005383/en/Cibus-Appoints-Co-Founder-Rory-Riggs-as-Chief-Executive-Officer"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Launch announcement with a direct quote from Riggs on ESG analytics.",
    "datePublished": "2020-08-01T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Syntax LLC Announces Launch of Stratified LargeCap ESG Index",
    "title": "Syntax LLC Announces Launch of Stratified LargeCap ESG Index",
    "url": "https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20200801005010/en/Syntax-LLC-Announces-Launch-of-Stratified-LargeCap-ESG-Index"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Coverage of the Cibus Oberlin facility opening, including Riggs's quote on applying pharmaceutical quality standards to plant biology.",
    "datePublished": "2023-08-02T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Cibus Opens Gene Editing Facility for Trait Production",
    "title": "Cibus Opens Gene Editing Facility for Trait Production",
    "url": "https://sdbj.com/life-sciences/biotech-life-sciences/cibus-opens-gene-editing-facility-for-trait-production/"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Coverage of the Cibus/Calyxt merger closing, including a Riggs quote on the combined company's patent portfolio.",
    "datePublished": "2023-06-12T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Cibus Closes Calyxt Deal",
    "title": "Cibus Closes Calyxt Deal",
    "url": "https://www.sdbj.com/biotech/cibus-closes-calyxt-deal/"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Cibus named #2 Most Innovative Company in agriculture for 2024, with a quote from Riggs.",
    "datePublished": "2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Cibus Named to Fast Company's Annual List of the World's Most Innovative Companies of 2024",
    "title": "Cibus Named to Fast Company's Annual List of the World's Most Innovative Companies of 2024",
    "url": "https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2024/03/19/2848554/0/en/Cibus-Named-to-Fast-Company-s-Annual-List-of-the-World-s-Most-Innovative-Companies-of-2024.html"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Announcement of Riggs's transition from CEO to Chairman of the Board at Cibus as Craig Wichner becomes CEO.",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-08T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Cibus Names Agricultural Biotechnology Leader Craig Wichner as Chief Executive Officer",
    "title": "Cibus Names Agricultural Biotechnology Leader Craig Wichner as Chief Executive Officer",
    "url": "https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2026/06/08/3308494/0/en/cibus-names-agricultural-biotechnology-leader-craig-wichner-as-chief-executive-officer-to-accelerate-growth-and-value-creation.html"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Coverage of an open letter authored by Riggs as Royalty Pharma Chairman to the Elan board.",
    "datePublished": "2013-06-17T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Royalty Pharma Co-Founder Writes Open Letter to Board of Elan Ahead of EGM",
    "title": "Royalty Pharma Co-Founder Writes Open Letter to Board of Elan Ahead of EGM",
    "url": "https://www.irishtimes.com/business/health-pharma/royalty-pharma-co-founder-writes-open-letter-to-board-of-elan-ahead-of-egm-1.1431580"
  },
  {
    "contributors": [],
    "datePublished": "2023-03-09",
    "keywords": [],
    "publisher": "SeedWorld",
    "title": "Proposed Merger Shows That When it Comes to Gene Editing, You Ain’t Seen Nothing Yet",
    "url": "https://www.seedworld.com/canada/2023/03/09/proposed-merger-shows-that-when-it-comes-to-gene-editing-you-aint-seen-nothing-yet-3-2/"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Work Loci describe what a system does; Resource Loci describe what a resource does. Together they turn Locus vocabulary into complete, working sentences.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:12:53+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:59:42+00:00",
    "headline": "Loci: Writing Full Sentences in the Locus Language",
    "title": "Loci: Writing Full Sentences in the Locus Language",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/writing-full-sentences-in-the-locus-language/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A Work Locus describes what an entire Economic System does; a Resource Locus describes what one specific resource does — same syntax, different subject.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:12:41+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:59:30+00:00",
    "headline": "Work Locus vs Resource Locus",
    "title": "Work Locus vs Resource Locus",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/work-locus-vs-resource-locus/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Work Group Field describes a Work Group in the Enterprise or Labor Barcode — where a product or a job actually lands inside a company's system.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:12:29+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:59:17+00:00",
    "headline": "Work Group Field",
    "title": "Work Group Field",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/work-group-field/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Every classification system asks what industry a business is in. None asks what it functionally does — until the Locus Model supplied that coordinate.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:12:17+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:59:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Why Systems Economics Exists",
    "title": "Why Systems Economics Exists",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/why-systems-economics-exists/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Six terms Rory Riggs’s own material has used but does not actually own — shown here entirely on purpose, since knowing the difference is the whole point.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:12:05+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T03:17:43+00:00",
    "headline": "What We Don’t Claim: A Vocabulary Sovereignty Case Study",
    "title": "What We Don’t Claim: A Vocabulary Sovereignty Case Study",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/what-we-dont-claim-a-vocabulary-sovereignty-case-study/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Virtual Economics is Rory Riggs’s own forthcoming book — the title itself is a clean claim, but its own vocabulary is not declarable yet. Here is why.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:11:52+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:58:23+00:00",
    "headline": "Virtual Economics: A Preview",
    "title": "Virtual Economics: A Preview",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/virtual-economics-a-preview/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A Locus barcode structures loci the way a UPC structures product data — one standardized, comparable record per economic entity in the system.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:11:37+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:58:09+00:00",
    "headline": "Barcodes: Turning Loci Into Standardized Records",
    "title": "Barcodes: Turning Loci Into Standardized Records",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/turning-loci-into-standardized-records/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Functional Trajectory is the computed path an element traces through functional locations over time, motion across the Locus Model's coordinate system.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:11:27+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:57:56+00:00",
    "headline": "Functional Trajectory",
    "title": "Functional Trajectory",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/tracing-functional-trajectory/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Locus Model defines people two ways at once — as individuals who are their own complete Economic System, and as laborers who are simply an F resource.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:11:17+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:57:46+00:00",
    "headline": "Theory of People: Individuals and Laborers",
    "title": "Theory of People: Individuals and Laborers",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/theory-of-people-individuals-and-laborers/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Intermediary With Inventory, Agent, and Payer are the Locus Model's three types of intermediary in the Enterprise Barcode — how Macy's and Expedia fit.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:11:04+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:57:33+00:00",
    "headline": "The Three Types of Intermediary",
    "title": "The Three Types of Intermediary",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-three-types-of-intermediary/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Systems Syntax is the logical data model underlying every functional system representation the Locus Model actually builds, computes, and ultimately uses.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:10:53+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:57:21+00:00",
    "headline": "Systems Syntax",
    "title": "Systems Syntax",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-systems-syntax-model/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A Summary Barcode is the product line accounting for at least 40% of a company's revenue — the one Enterprise Barcode chosen to represent the whole firm.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:10:43+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:57:08+00:00",
    "headline": "Summary Barcode",
    "title": "Summary Barcode",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-summary-barcode/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A Subject Resource is a final resource, ready for use, contributing a specific functional role to production — distinct from the inputs and outputs nearby.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:10:33+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:56:55+00:00",
    "headline": "Subject Resource",
    "title": "Subject Resource",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-subject-resource/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Every resource in the economy sorts into one of six functional categories in the Locus Model — one of them breaks the model’s own staging rule on purpose.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:10:23+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:56:42+00:00",
    "headline": "Resources: The Six Categories of Economic Morphology",
    "title": "Resources: The Six Categories of Economic Morphology",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-six-categories-of-economic-morphology/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Production System Model identifies the parts and processes necessary to produce a product, the underlying logic behind Locus Functional Markers.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:10:14+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:56:31+00:00",
    "headline": "Production System Model",
    "title": "Production System Model",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-production-system-model/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Product Sequence is the first half of the Locus Model’s Activity Cycle — the two phases where a system acquires resources and produces its product.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:10:03+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:56:21+00:00",
    "headline": "Product Sequence",
    "title": "Product Sequence",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-product-sequence/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Product Lining is the process of dividing a company's revenue into functionally distinct barcodes, the necessary first step in any Locus classification.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:09:51+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:56:09+00:00",
    "headline": "Product Lining",
    "title": "Product Lining",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-product-lining-process/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Money Sequence is the Activity Cycle’s second half in the Locus Model — the product changes hands for money, which is then managed and reinvested.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:09:40+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:55:58+00:00",
    "headline": "Money Sequence",
    "title": "Money Sequence",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-money-sequence/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Circles, squares, and a fixed color wheel make up the Locus Model’s own visual language, encoding the same functional logic its written notation carries.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:09:31+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T03:15:26+00:00",
    "headline": "Semiotics: The Locus Model’s Visual Language",
    "title": "Semiotics: The Locus Model’s Visual Language",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-locus-models-visual-language/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Every classification system asks what industry a business is in. The Locus Model asks what it functionally does — where that falls in the order of work.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:09:18+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:10:27+00:00",
    "headline": "The Locus Model",
    "title": "The Locus Model",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-locus-model/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Every Economic System performs the same four root activities to produce its product — the Activity Cycle that everything else in this model builds on.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:09:06+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:55:21+00:00",
    "headline": "Activities: The Locus Model’s Activity Cycle",
    "title": "Activities: The Locus Model’s Activity Cycle",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-locus-model-activity-cycle/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Activities are verbs, resources are nouns, and a locus is a complete sentence — the Locus Model's own language for describing any economic system.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:08:54+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:55:09+00:00",
    "headline": "The Locus Language",
    "title": "The Locus Language",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-locus-language/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Div is the Locus language's own notation for a range of admissible values, used whenever a company's activities or resources span more than one category.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:08:46+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:54:58+00:00",
    "headline": "Diversified: The Locus 'Div' Notation",
    "title": "Diversified: The Locus 'Div' Notation",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-locus-div-notation/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A Functional Information System augments economic and financial data with standardized functional markers, the applied technology the Locus Model runs on.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:08:38+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:54:48+00:00",
    "headline": "Functional Information Systems",
    "title": "Functional Information Systems",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-functional-information-system/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Subdivision, Modifier, Complementary, and Order Relationship — the four ways activities in the Locus Model’s Activity Cycle naturally share properties.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:08:25+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:54:35+00:00",
    "headline": "The Four Activity Cycle Relationships",
    "title": "The Four Activity Cycle Relationships",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-four-activity-cycle-relationships/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Locus Model breaks any activity into five functional roles — Space-Infrastructure, Operator, Direction, Financial Capacity, and Power. Here’s each one.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:08:11+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:54:21+00:00",
    "headline": "The Five Subject Resource Roles",
    "title": "The Five Subject Resource Roles",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-five-subject-resource-roles/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Nine markers qualify the loci found throughout an Enterprise Barcode, from Product Type to Temporal Coordinate — here is what each one records.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:07:59+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T03:13:52+00:00",
    "headline": "The Enterprise Barcode’s Nine-Marker System",
    "title": "The Enterprise Barcode’s Nine-Marker System",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-enterprise-barcodes-nine-marker-system/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Customer of Customer is the agent that uses the customer's product in the Enterprise Barcode — the same relationship, one more link down the chain.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:07:49+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:54:01+00:00",
    "headline": "Customer of Customer",
    "title": "Customer of Customer",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-customer-of-customer-relationship/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Roughly 22 granted US patents, with priority dating to March 2013, sit behind Functional Coordinates and the rest of this family, assigned to Locus LP.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:07:38+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:53:49+00:00",
    "headline": "The Coordinate Family & the Patent Portfolio",
    "title": "The Coordinate Family & the Patent Portfolio",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-coordinate-family-and-the-patent-portfolio/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A co-customer is a second agent that uses an enterprise's product jointly with the customer — like eBay's buyers and sellers, using the same platform.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:07:29+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:53:39+00:00",
    "headline": "Co-Customer",
    "title": "Co-Customer",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-co-customer-relationship/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Central Department Cycle is the Activity Cycle of the system responsible for producing its own product — a firm’s core departments, explained.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:07:16+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:53:26+00:00",
    "headline": "Central Department Cycle",
    "title": "Central Department Cycle",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/the-central-department-cycle/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Terminality is the property in the Locus Model that fixes where a chain of product usage stops, exactly at the customer's own Central Department Cycle.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:07:05+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:53:15+00:00",
    "headline": "Terminality in the Locus Model",
    "title": "Terminality in the Locus Model",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/terminality-in-the-locus-model/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Op-ed by Rory Riggs in Pensions & Investments making the case for functional, systems-based classification over conventional sector-based risk models.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:06:58+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-13T03:00:10+00:00",
    "headline": "Systems Economics: A New Prescription for Risk Management",
    "title": "Systems Economics: A New Prescription for Risk Management",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/systems-economics-new-prescription-for-risk-management/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Locus Model splits all six resource categories into two groups — Structural (People, Space, Equipment) and Supporting (Energy, Information, Money).",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:06:48+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:52:56+00:00",
    "headline": "Structural Resources vs. Supporting Resources",
    "title": "Structural Resources vs. Supporting Resources",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/structural-vs-supporting-resources/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A Functional Query retrieves data by functional coordinate instead of by keyword or code, searching by what an entity actually does, not just its label.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:06:40+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:52:45+00:00",
    "headline": "Functional Query",
    "title": "Functional Query",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/running-a-functional-query/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Every resource category in the Locus Model except People is divided into four stages and three substages, each marking proximity to readiness for use.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:06:29+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:52:33+00:00",
    "headline": "Resource Stage and Substage",
    "title": "Resource Stage and Substage",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/resource-stage-and-substage/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Resource Loci let the Enterprise Barcode trace a product past its first sale, describing exactly what it becomes next, not just who happened to buy it.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:06:17+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:52:21+00:00",
    "headline": "Resource Loci in the Enterprise Barcode",
    "title": "Resource Loci in the Enterprise Barcode",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/resource-loci-in-the-enterprise-barcode/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Combination, Cross-Category, and Distinguishing Resource are the Locus Model’s three named rules for the messy classification cases plain categories miss.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:06:04+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:52:08+00:00",
    "headline": "Resource Edge Cases: Combination, Cross-Category, and Distinguishing Resources",
    "title": "Resource Edge Cases: Combination, Cross-Category, and Distinguishing Resources",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/resource-edge-cases/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Locus Model uses two versions of the Activity Cycle: Reoriented, for describing a firm’s internal operations, and Standardized, for classifying it.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:05:53+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:51:55+00:00",
    "headline": "Reoriented Activity Cycle vs. Standardized Activity Cycle",
    "title": "Reoriented Activity Cycle vs. Standardized Activity Cycle",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/reoriented-vs-standardized-activity-cycle/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Locus Functional Markers are the coded functional references a Functional Information System derives directly from its own Production System Model.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:05:44+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:51:46+00:00",
    "headline": "Locus Functional Markers",
    "title": "Locus Functional Markers",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/reading-locus-functional-markers/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Rory Riggs writes for SeedWorld on the Cibus-Calyxt merger and what it signals for the next phase of precision gene editing in agriculture today.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:05:38+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-13T02:59:56+00:00",
    "headline": "Proposed Merger Shows That When It Comes to Gene Editing, You Ain’t Seen Nothing Yet",
    "title": "Proposed Merger Shows That When It Comes to Gene Editing, You Ain’t Seen Nothing Yet",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/proposed-merger-gene-editing-you-aint-seen-nothing-yet/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Product, Product Line, and Product Tier are three related but distinct terms in the Locus Model — here is exactly what separates each one from the next.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:05:27+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:51:27+00:00",
    "headline": "Product, Product Line, and Product Tier",
    "title": "Product, Product Line, and Product Tier",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/product-product-line-and-product-tier/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Companion practitioner paper by Rory Riggs, Jonathan Chandler, and Mark T. Finn applying FIS-based stratified weighting to real index construction.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:05:20+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-13T02:59:43+00:00",
    "headline": "Practical Applications of An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk",
    "title": "Practical Applications of An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/practical-applications-index-methodology-diversifying-business-risk/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Parallel Customers share the same contract status with an enterprise; Primary/Secondary Customers do not. How the Locus Model tells them apart.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:05:09+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:51:09+00:00",
    "headline": "Parallel Customer vs. Primary/Secondary Customer",
    "title": "Parallel Customer vs. Primary/Secondary Customer",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/parallel-vs-primary-secondary-customer/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A firm’s Activity Cycle is one level of a nested system — every activity inside it is itself performed by another Economic System underneath it, and so on.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:04:57+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:50:56+00:00",
    "headline": "Economic Systems: The One-Level and Multi-Level Models",
    "title": "Economic Systems: The One-Level and Multi-Level Models",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/one-level-and-multi-level-economic-systems/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Functional Proximity is the measured distance between two functional locations in the Locus Model, enabling comparison across otherwise unrelated entities.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:04:47+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:50:47+00:00",
    "headline": "Functional Proximity",
    "title": "Functional Proximity",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/measuring-functional-proximity/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Locus Theory is the comprehensive systems theory underneath the Locus Model — the Theory of Economic Systems is dominant, the Theory of People secondary.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:04:36+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:50:34+00:00",
    "headline": "Locus Theory & the Theory of Economic Systems",
    "title": "Locus Theory & the Theory of Economic Systems",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/locus-theory-and-the-theory-of-economic-systems/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Jumping is a Locus Model coding practice where a Final Resource Locus is deliberately left blank because filling it in would not be useful at all.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:04:26+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:50:24+00:00",
    "headline": "Jumping: A Barcode Coding Convention",
    "title": "Jumping: A Barcode Coding Convention",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/jumping-a-barcode-coding-convention/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Job Locus is the Labor Barcode's starting point; the Enterprise Locus is the Enterprise Barcode's — each records where that barcode begins its work.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:04:15+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:50:13+00:00",
    "headline": "Job Locus and Enterprise Locus",
    "title": "Job Locus and Enterprise Locus",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/job-locus-and-enterprise-locus/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Internal Operations Loci trace an enterprise's product from the customer's own resource loci all the way up into their actual internal work groups.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:04:04+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:49:48+00:00",
    "headline": "Internal Operations Loci",
    "title": "Internal Operations Loci",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/internal-operations-loci-in-the-barcode/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Rory Riggs appears on the Knowledge at Wharton podcast to discuss how data science and functional classification can sharpen alignment in impact investing.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:03:57+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-13T02:59:28+00:00",
    "headline": "How Data-Driven Strategies Can Improve Impact Investing Outcomes — Knowledge at Wharton",
    "title": "How Data-Driven Strategies Can Improve Impact Investing Outcomes — Knowledge at Wharton",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/impact-investing-data-wharton-podcast/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Every Locus barcode is organized along fields, levels, and sections — a fixed grid used to locate any resource or economic agent inside the barcode.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:03:45+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:49:26+00:00",
    "headline": "How to Read an Enterprise Barcode",
    "title": "How to Read an Enterprise Barcode",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/how-to-read-an-enterprise-barcode/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Classifying a company means separating its revenue into functionally distinct barcodes; classifying a job means finding one clear summary task for it.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:03:35+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:49:14+00:00",
    "headline": "Guide to Classification",
    "title": "Guide to Classification",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/guide-to-classification/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Authored article by Rory Riggs for Future Farming on precision gene editing and its application to agricultural trait development at Cibus, his company.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:03:29+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-13T02:59:17+00:00",
    "headline": "Gene Editing to Lead a New Agricultural Revolution",
    "title": "Gene Editing to Lead a New Agricultural Revolution",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/gene-editing-to-lead-a-new-agricultural-revolution/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Rory Riggs joins Bloomberg Businessweek to discuss gene editing, agricultural biotechnology, and how Cibus applies production discipline to plant traits.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:03:22+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-13T02:59:10+00:00",
    "headline": "The Evolution of Gene-Edited Crops — Bloomberg Businessweek Podcast",
    "title": "The Evolution of Gene-Edited Crops — Bloomberg Businessweek Podcast",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/gene-edited-crops-bloomberg-businessweek-podcast/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Functional Maps is a registered mark for the analytics built on the Locus Model, powering financial analysis, classification, research, and other work.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:03:11+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:48:50+00:00",
    "headline": "Functional Maps",
    "title": "Functional Maps",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/functional-maps/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "An Economic System is the Locus Model’s frame term for any product-producing agent at all — a business, a government, a department, or one individual.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:03:02+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T03:09:05+00:00",
    "headline": "Economic System (the Locus Model’s Frame Term)",
    "title": "Economic System (the Locus Model’s Frame Term)",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/economic-system-the-frame-term/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Who counts as a customer in the Locus Model? Not who pays — who uses the product. How the Enterprise Barcode identifies every agent in the chain.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:02:48+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T03:08:52+00:00",
    "headline": "Economic Agents in the Locus Model’s Enterprise Barcode",
    "title": "Economic Agents in the Locus Model’s Enterprise Barcode",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/economic-agents-in-the-enterprise-barcode/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "A Final Resource is finished and ready for use in the Locus Model; a Constituent Resource still needs further refining before it is ready for its role.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:02:38+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:48:17+00:00",
    "headline": "Constituent Resource vs. Final Resource",
    "title": "Constituent Resource vs. Final Resource",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/constituent-vs-final-resource/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The Constituent Resource Locus and the Final Resource Locus are the Enterprise Barcode fields tracking a resource as it becomes part of something bigger.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:02:27+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:48:04+00:00",
    "headline": "Constituent Resource Locus and Final Resource Locus",
    "title": "Constituent Resource Locus and Final Resource Locus",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/constituent-and-final-resource-locus/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "FIS Coordinates are the applied coordinate values a Functional Information System assigns to each business, job, and product it maps and classifies today.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:02:16+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-21T02:47:53+00:00",
    "headline": "FIS Coordinates",
    "title": "FIS Coordinates",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/assigning-fis-coordinates/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "Peer-reviewed paper by Rory Riggs, Jonathan Chandler, and Mark T. Finn introducing FIS-based stratified weighting for diversifying business risk.",
    "dateModified": "2026-08-25T03:02:09+00:00",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-13T02:59:01+00:00",
    "headline": "An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk",
    "title": "An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk",
    "url": "https://theroryriggs.com/an-index-methodology-for-diversifying-business-risk/#webpage"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "In An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk, published in The Journal of Index Investing, Rory Riggs and Jonathan Chandler, both of Syntax, LLC, and Mark T. Finn, of Vantage Consulting Group, introduce a methodology for constructing an equity index in which the weight assigned to each component is determined by reference to the nature of the business risks to which it is exposed. The methodology uses the technique of statistical stratification to maximize the index’s diversification across different categories of business risks.nnUsing the populations of the Su0026P 500 and the Su0026P MidCap 400 indexes, the authors compare the performance of stratified indexes created using their methodology to both market-capitalization-weighted and equal-weighted indexes comprising the same components. They find that the stratified indexes delivered higher returns and higher Sharpe ratios than the others.",
    "datePublished": "2017",
    "headline": "Practical Applications of An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk",
    "title": "Practical Applications of An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk",
    "url": "https://www.pm-research.com/content/iijpracapp/6/2/18"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "This article introduces a new passive weighting methodology for diversifying business risk: functional information system (FIS)–based stratified weighting. The FIS-based stratified-weight approach effectively diversifies related business risk (RBR), such as supply chain dynamics, customer groups, product types, or other operational attributes that affect groups of companies that share common earnings drivers. The proposed methodology addresses overconcentrations of business risk that regularly occur in capitalization-weighted or equal-weighted indexes. This approach maintains a diversified weighting of an index’s underlying business risks by allocating constituents to specific RBR groupings, defined using FIS classification, and then fixing the weight of each group via stratification. The motivation behind this methodology is the fact that stock performance is the result of business performance and diversifying business performance is the ultimate goal of a diversified equity index. The authors demonstrate the performance benefit of stratified-weighted versions of the Su0026P 500 and Su0026P MidCap 400 indexes over traditional market capitalization weighting and equal weighting, especially following periods of economic stress. They find that FIS-based stratified-weight indexes deliver consistent and significantly higher returns relative to standard capitalization-weighted market indexes and equal-weighted indexes (on average, 389 bps per annum for the Su0026P 500 and 175 bps per annum for the Su0026P 500 equal weight), while exhibiting comparable beta and volatility. This article proposes that these results are robust and are not related to the choice of the universe or to particular market conditions.",
    "datePublished": "2017",
    "headline": "An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk",
    "title": "An Index Methodology for Diversifying Business Risk",
    "url": "https://www.pm-research.com/content/iijindinv/8/3/21"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "The financial services industry, which has ballooned from an 8 to 40% share of all after tax corporate profits created in the American economy over the past 50 years, is undergoing an evolutionary shift. Following a period of sustained growth in assets and power, significant advancements in technology, algorithms and information availability are revising the ways in which long-term investors interact with, and invest in, the capitalist system. We call this new paradigm of long-term investing ‘Organic Finance’, and it refers to a more professional and engaged community of asset owners that are increasingly focused on rooting their investment activities in the real economy. Specifically, Organic Finance asks that asset owners develop the capacity to understand the ingredients and incentives in the financial products they consume, which ensures that the financial derivation inherent in financial products does not negatively distort the risk and return profile of the underlying assets. This paper builds upon the large body of work on risk factors, which highlights the need for investors to clearly understand the underlying risk premia they wish to be exposed to and choose assets accordingly. More specifically, this paper highlights how a missing ‘organic finance factor’, which refers to the distortion/clarity with which a financial product represents the underlying economy, can also drive performance and thus deserves to be included in the factor toolkit. Indeed, we argue that factors apply as much to products as they do to underlying assets. To illustrate, we offer a case study of a newly formed passive investable stock index that uses a ‘systems approach’ to analyze and classify the constituents based on their functional characteristics.",
    "datePublished": "2017-11-03T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Organic Finance in Action: Practical Tools for a New Paradigm",
    "title": "Organic Finance in Action: Practical Tools for a New Paradigm",
    "url": "https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3064401"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "This paper introduces a new risk measure called Active Business Risk, based on the excess level of sector or industry exposure in a portfolio or index and shows that Active Business Risk is an important driver of portfolio return. Most passive indices carry unmanaged industry exposures due to their weighting methodology (e.g. market cap or equal weight). The paper compares the Active Business Risk Score for several core equity indices that are perceived to be well diversified and shows that they currently carry an elevated level of Active Business Risk. Portfolios with high Active Business Risk Scores have higher sensitivity to economic shocks which impact companies with related business risks, often causing the portfolio to perform poorly relative to more diversified alternatives. We conclude that Active Business Risk is a quantifiable risk that is not adequately diversified by cap weighted indices, leading to inefficientncapture of their potential equity risk premia.",
    "datePublished": "2019-11",
    "headline": "Active Business Risk",
    "title": "Active Business Risk",
    "url": "https://api.syntaxdata.com/downloads/Active_Business_Risk_November_Working_Paper.pdf"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "In her junior year at Middlebury, she founded TEDxMiddlebury, a local chapter of the TED Conference. A full year of planning went into the event, from designing the website to timing out the cookie breaks. The first event featured 16 speakers, most of them Middlebury alums. During the after-party, Cloe received a phone call. It was Rory Riggs ’75, the founder of an analytics company and a longtime TED Conference attendee.'He was calling from a mountain,' Cloe told me. 'I think it was Kilimanjaro.'nnRiggs was actually hiking in Jordan and had been tuning into a livestream of the event. On the phone call he offered to cover all of Cloe’s expenses to attend the 2011 TEDActive in Palm Springs. It was an act of extreme generosity that changed her life.",
    "datePublished": "2018-01-31T00:00:00+00:00",
    "headline": "Regarding Cloe",
    "title": "Regarding Cloe",
    "url": "https://middleburymagazine.com/features/regarding-cloe/"
  },
  {
    "abstract": "UHF is proud to present the 2024 Health Care Leadership Award to Margaret Crotty and Rory Riggs, for their important work at the intersection of health care, public health, and biotechnology",
    "datePublished": "2024",
    "headline": "Margaret Crotty and Rory Riggs Health Care Leadership Award, 2024",
    "title": "Margaret Crotty and Rory Riggs Health Care Leadership Award, 2024",
    "url": "https://uhfnyc.org/about/awards/health-care-leadership-award/crotty-riggs/"
  }
]